Skip to Main Navigation

Mozambique - Integrated Growth Poles Project

Abstract*

The development objective of the Integrated Growth Poles Project for Mozambique is to improve the performance of enterprises and smallholders in the Zambezi Valley and Nacala Corridor, focusing on identified high growth potential zones (growth poles). There are four component of the project. The first component of the project is support for the Tete agribusiness growth pole in the Zambezi Valley. The objective of this component is to provide integrated...

* The project abstract is drawn from the PAD, SAR or PGD and may not accurately reflect the project's current nature

Show More

Development Objective

The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve the performance of enterprises and smallholders in the Zambezi Valley and Nacala Corridor, focusing on identified high growth potential zones (growth poles).

Key Details

Project Details

  • P127303

  • Closed

  • Francisco Campos , Michelle Gomes Souto

  • Government of Mozambique

  • Mozambique

  • April 25, 2013

  • (as of board presentation)

    April 25, 2013

  • August 23, 2013

  • US$ 119.10 million

  • Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF)

  • Eastern and Southern Africa

  • 2013

  • US$ 100.00 million

  • B

  • December 9, 2020

  • April 30, 2020

  • TBD

  • BANK APPROVED

  • Notes

Finances

Financing Plan (US$ Millions)

No data available.
Financier Commitments
IDA Credit 100.00
Foreign Private Commercial Sources (unidentified) 10.00
Local Beneficiaries 10.00
Borrower/Recipient 9.10

Total Project Financing (US$ Millions)

Product Line IBRD/IDA
IBRD Commitment N/A
IDA Commitment 100.00
IBRD + IDA Commitment 100.00
Lending Instrument
Grant Amount N/A
Total Project Cost** 119.10

Summary Status of World Bank Financing (US$ Millions) as of January 31, 2025

Download:
No data available.
Financier Approval Date Closing Date Principal Disbursed Repayments Interest, Charges & Fees

Detailed Financial Activity as of January 31, 2025

Download:
No data available.
Period Financier Transaction Type Amount (US$)
Feb 10, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 116,494.55
Nov 18, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 112,917.31
Nov 5, 2013 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 200,000.00
Feb 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,506.39
Feb 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,506.39
Aug 23, 2013 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 300,218.75
Apr 10, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 103,121.52
May 19, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,000,000.00
Mar 20, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 96,478.08
Sep 19, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 235,891.56
Jan 20, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 249,167.89
Jan 20, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 93,952.89
Jul 3, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 76,934.26
Jun 10, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,500,000.00
Mar 27, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 256,673.48
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 0.02
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 0.02
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6.04
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6.04
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,268.26
Aug 15, 2014 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,268.26
Sep 16, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 66,881.77
Feb 19, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 12,806.28
Feb 19, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 12,806.28
Sep 9, 2014 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 73,974.91
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 11,276.49
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 11,276.49
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,050.49
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,050.49
Jun 16, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 97,614.73
Feb 9, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 142,696.69
Feb 19, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 22.12
Feb 19, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 22.12
May 14, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 21,394.51
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 202.55
Aug 15, 2015 IDA-52370 Int Charges 202.55
May 29, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 117,139.50
Jun 3, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 102,010.99
May 18, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 678,010.10
Jul 8, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 10,863.91
Jan 13, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 55,795.03
Aug 11, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 188,972.34
Aug 11, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 92,251.02
Sep 14, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 36,474.99
Nov 20, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 292,260.00
Sep 14, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 93,157.30
Sep 30, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 19,495.58
Jan 4, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 77,203.22
Dec 22, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 172,478.95
Oct 9, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 8,823.00
Nov 12, 2015 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 169,729.05
Feb 2, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 340,403.78
Jun 2, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 237,747.66
Aug 9, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 421,671.84
Nov 14, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 840,701.80
Apr 26, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 2,566,987.50
Feb 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 22,226.72
Feb 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 22,226.72
Feb 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 142.44
Feb 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 142.44
Apr 11, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 248,061.67
Apr 14, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 526,383.44
Apr 19, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 169,660.03
Mar 23, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 186,573.11
Jun 30, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 208,406.44
Oct 11, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 77,199.89
Jul 22, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 212,252.27
Oct 21, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 312,282.78
May 23, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 48,500.55
May 11, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 183,622.20
Jun 20, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 2,500,000.00
Dec 21, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 285,227.22
Feb 7, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 464,668.84
Jun 23, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 656,708.50
May 6, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 354,672.47
Jul 14, 2016 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 388,581.25
Aug 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 579.54
Aug 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 579.54
Aug 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 35,818.87
Aug 15, 2016 IDA-52370 Int Charges 35,818.87
Feb 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 3,668.62
Feb 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 3,668.62
Feb 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 54,949.57
Feb 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 54,949.57
Apr 20, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 103,572.68
Apr 24, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 967,805.25
Jun 21, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,242,836.50
Jul 6, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 293,691.70
Jul 5, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,433,479.40
Jun 12, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 186,406.39
Mar 1, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 905,081.70
Mar 22, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 156,225.56
Nov 9, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 585,308.40
Sep 8, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 160,639.23
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 879.56
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 879.56
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 55,245.86
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 55,245.86
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 11,617.64
Aug 15, 2017 IDA-52370 Int Charges 11,617.64
Oct 12, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 190,026.48
Oct 24, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 722,236.25
Nov 27, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 312,498.90
Nov 7, 2017 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 201,135.77
Feb 27, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,346,811.50
May 1, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,017,761.50
Jan 23, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 43,624.84
Jan 23, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 891,355.60
Mar 23, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,953,683.20
Jan 25, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 391,236.53
Feb 7, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 16,225.80
Jun 12, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 290,679.94
May 29, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 710,457.80
Jun 19, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 704,902.50
Feb 15, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,320.10
Feb 15, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,320.10
Feb 15, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 90,680.57
Feb 15, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 90,680.57
May 4, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 544,586.25
Aug 6, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,360,542.10
May 31, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 533,478.10
Aug 2, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 408,985.25
Aug 2, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 191,189.02
May 23, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 241,899.73
Sep 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 473,513.40
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 3,420.50
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 3,420.50
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 111,797.13
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 111,797.13
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,960.13
Aug 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,960.13
Jun 19, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 310,835.56
Aug 13, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,317,941.90
Jun 27, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,066,414.90
Dec 12, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 729,100.70
Aug 13, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 185,824.77
Dec 3, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 2,330,921.50
Dec 13, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 159,752.69
Dec 18, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 984,720.50
Dec 14, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 687,804.40
Dec 11, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 729,532.20
Nov 29, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 808,216.44
Dec 27, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 760,841.06
Jan 25, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 3,071,560.00
Dec 17, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 154,549.94
Dec 19, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,163,550.50
Oct 1, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 757,680.50
Oct 2, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 649,402.20
Oct 10, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 186,386.60
Jan 25, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,136,214.00
Feb 7, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,402,376.80
Feb 12, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 800,392.75
Feb 12, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 263,341.30
Feb 14, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 334,524.84
Nov 20, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 871,525.06
Dec 5, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 347,048.30
Dec 6, 2018 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 301,573.00
May 9, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 494,738.03
Feb 21, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,748,527.50
Feb 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 137,003.34
Feb 19, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 839.24
Feb 19, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 839.24
Feb 19, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 158,561.31
Feb 19, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 158,561.31
May 7, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,091,435.00
Mar 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,313,698.10
Jun 28, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,681,795.10
Jun 28, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 271,217.22
May 21, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 550,816.90
Jun 28, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 86,557.56
Jun 7, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,762,624.10
Feb 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 289,292.88
Feb 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 289,292.88
Apr 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,105,785.00
Feb 25, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 455,509.30
Feb 15, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 333,243.66
Feb 15, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,919.58
Feb 15, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,919.58
Aug 26, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 971.07
Aug 26, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 971.07
Aug 26, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 316,353.38
Aug 26, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 316,353.38
Feb 15, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,157.18
Feb 15, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,157.18
Mar 14, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 316,089.97
Mar 14, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 316,089.97
Sep 5, 2023 IDA-52370 Loan Repay 854,179.30
Sep 5, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,557.22
Sep 5, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,557.22
Sep 5, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 320,317.28
Sep 5, 2023 IDA-52370 Int Charges 320,317.28
Aug 15, 2024 IDA-52370 Loan Repay 12,554.23
Mar 1, 2024 IDA-52370 Loan Repay 846,127.44
Feb 15, 2024 IDA-52370 Loan Repay 10,481.73
Mar 1, 2024 IDA-52370 Int Charges 356.94
Mar 1, 2024 IDA-52370 Int Charges 356.94
Mar 1, 2024 IDA-52370 Int Charges 318,027.40
Mar 1, 2024 IDA-52370 Int Charges 318,027.40
Apr 25, 2013 IDA-52370 Loan Commitment 100,000,000.00
Mar 14, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,080,423.10
Feb 21, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb -153,629.69
Apr 3, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 392,232.28
May 21, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 100,960.38
Aug 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 280,114.80
Aug 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 577,700.00
Oct 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 804,199.90
Oct 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 749,584.00
Aug 23, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,425.13
Aug 23, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 6,425.13
Aug 23, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 235,733.10
Aug 23, 2019 IDA-52370 Int Charges 235,733.10
Jul 30, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,449,559.80
Aug 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 656,749.25
Sep 9, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 507,028.50
Sep 9, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 639,547.10
Sep 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 365,896.90
Nov 1, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 140,569.10
Jul 26, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 245,486.16
Jul 25, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 680,728.80
Nov 22, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 206,915.50
Sep 5, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 500,000.00
Oct 8, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 650,326.80
Oct 29, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 361,402.10
Sep 16, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 250,000.00
Aug 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 155,763.52
Mar 25, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 434,584.88
Dec 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,500,000.00
Apr 1, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,256,167.60
Jan 22, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 570,371.25
Jan 17, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb -804,199.90
Oct 3, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,152,623.00
Sep 18, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 428,949.94
Nov 5, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 443,814.28
Oct 16, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 411,724.38
Feb 18, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 804,199.90
Dec 27, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 1,312,088.00
Dec 6, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 247,200.95
Feb 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 473.98
Feb 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 473.98
Dec 16, 2019 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 396,719.03
Mar 20, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 68,798.36
May 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 89,370.33
May 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 474,455.06
May 7, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 206,207.30
May 7, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 580,309.10
May 5, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 481,285.38
Sep 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb -1,481.42
Sep 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb -846,752.94
Aug 3, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 150,883.23
Aug 31, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 152,487.70
May 27, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 178,990.84
Jun 19, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 409,889.84
Jun 19, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 379,519.34
Jun 11, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 158,139.30
Aug 10, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb 150,409.33
Aug 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 400.88
Aug 15, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 400.88
Sep 10, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Disb -163,321.02
Aug 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 325,274.03
Aug 21, 2020 IDA-52370 Int Charges 325,274.03
Feb 24, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 8,813.31
Feb 24, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 8,813.31
Feb 24, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 348,842.16
Feb 24, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 348,842.16
Sep 24, 2020 IDA-52370 Loan Cancel 2,146,019.00
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 121,083.76
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 222,505.94
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 222,505.94
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,644.05
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 1,644.05
Aug 18, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 121,083.76
Aug 15, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges -4,251.18
Aug 15, 2021 IDA-52370 Int Charges 4,251.18
Feb 15, 2022 IDA-52370 Int Charges 333,243.66

Footnotes

Ratings

IMPLEMENTATION RATINGS

Name Review Date
Progress towards achievement of PDO Moderately Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Procurement Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Counterpart Funding Moderately Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Monitoring and Evaluation Moderately Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Financial Management Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Overall Implementation Progress (IP) Moderately Satisfactory 2020-02-14
Project Management Moderately Satisfactory 2020-02-14

COMPLETION RATINGS

INDICATORIMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION & RESULTS REPORT: 12-15-2020
OutcomesModerately Satisfactory
Risk to Development Outcome
Bank PerformanceModerately Satisfactory
Borrower Performance
Government Performance
Implementing Agency

INDEPENDENT EVALUATION RATINGS

INDICATORICR REVIEW: 04-09-2021PROJECT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REPORT:
Outcome RatingModerately Satisfactory N/a
Risk To Development OutcomeN/a
Bank PerformanceModerately SatisfactoryN/a
Borrower PerformanceN/a
Government PerformanceNot RatedN/a
Implementing AgencyN/a
Icr QualitySubstantialN/a
M&e QualitySubstantialN/a

Results Framework

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE INDICATORS

INDICATORBASELINECURRENTTARGET
  • Average increase in agricultural output sold per smallholder farm in formal partnership with IDCF recipientsValue0.0030.0020.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Direct project beneficiariesValue0.00140000.000.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Average share of agricultural output sold per smallholder farm within 2km of rehabilitated rural roadsValue35.0042.000.00
    DateDecember 1, 2016April 30, 2020
    Comment

INTERMEDIATE RESULTS INDICATORS

INDICATORBASELINECURRENTTARGET
  • Roads rehabilitated, RuralValue0.00215.000.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of people in urban areas provided with access to Improved Water Sources under the projectValue0.0027500.000.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of potential investments rigorously evaluated by MPD under the new Public Investment Management ProgramValue0.0025.000.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of smallholders within 2 km of rehabilitated rural roadsValue0.0010000.000.00
    DateDecember 30, 2016April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • New water distribution network developed in Nacala-PortoValue0.00110.000.00
    DateDecember 30, 2016April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of recommended laws / regulations / amendments / codes enactedValue0.001.000.00
    DateNovember 30, 2016April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of smallholders in formal partnerships with IDCF subproject recipientsValue0.004000.000.00
    DateApril 25, 2013April 30, 2020
    Comment
  • Number of bridges and water passages rehabilitated and upgraded in the Nacala-a-Velha a Nacala-Porto Road (R702)Value0.0042.000.00
    DateNovember 30, 2016April 30, 2020
    Comment